The Journal of General Physiology
Cell MicroControls
  Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search | Table of Contents
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF, 738K)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new content in the JGP
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Armstrong, C. M.
Right arrow Articles by Hille, B.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Armstrong, C. M.
Right arrow Articles by Hille, B.
Right arrowPubmed/NCBI databases
*Compound via MeSH
*Substance via MeSH
Hazardous Substances DB
*POTASSIUM
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati  
What's this?
The Journal of General Physiology, Vol 59, 388-400, Copyright © 1972 by The Rockefeller University Press

ARTICLE

The Inner Quaternary Ammonium Ion Receptor in Potassium Channels of the Node of Ranvier

Clay M. Armstrong 1 and Bertil Hille 1

1 From the Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620 and the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195

Quaternary ammonium ions were applied to the inside of single myelinated nerve fibers by diffusion from a cut end. The resulting block of potassium channels in the node of Ranvier was studied under voltage-clamp conditions. The results agree in almost all respects with similar studies by Armstrong of squid giant axons. With tetraethylammonium ion (TEA), pentyltriethylammonium ion (C5), or nonyltriethylammonium ion (C9) inside the node, potassium current during a depolarization begins to rise at the normal rate, reaches a peak, and then falls again. This unusual inactivation is more complete with C9 than with TEA. Larger depolarizations give more block. Thus the block of potassium channels grows with time and voltage during a depolarization. The block reverses with repolarization, but for C9 full reversal takes seconds at -75 mv. The reversal is faster in 120 mM KCl Ringer's and slower during a hyperpolarization to -125 mv. All of these effects contrast with the time and voltage-independent block of potassium, channels seen with external quaternary ammonium ions on the node of Ranvier. External TEA, C5, and C9 block without inactivation. The external quaternary ammonium ion receptor appears to be distinct from the inner one. Apparently the inner quaternary ammonium ion receptor can be reached only when the activation gate for potassium channels is open. We suggest that the inner receptor lies within the channel and that the channel is a pore with its activation gate near the axoplasmic end.

Submitted on October 21, 1971


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 JGPHome page
A. Jara-Oseguera, I. Llorente, T. Rosenbaum, and L. D. Islas
Properties of the Inner Pore Region of TRPV1 Channels Revealed by Block with Quaternary Ammoniums
J. Gen. Physiol., November 1, 2008; 132(5): 547 - 562.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biophys. JHome page
E. Pavlov, T. Britvina, J. R. McArthur, Q. Ma, I. Sierralta, G. W. Zamponi, and R. J. French
Trans-Channel Interactions in Batrachotoxin-Modified Skeletal Muscle Sodium Channels: Voltage-Dependent Block by Cytoplasmic Amines, and the Influence of {micro}-Conotoxin GIIIA Derivatives and Permeant Ions
Biophys. J., November 1, 2008; 95(9): 4277 - 4288.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. E. Contreras, D. Srikumar, and M. Holmgren
Gating at the selectivity filter in cyclic nucleotide-gated channels
PNAS, March 4, 2008; 105(9): 3310 - 3314.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
A. Bruening-Wright, W.-S. Lee, J. P. Adelman, and J. Maylie
Evidence for a Deep Pore Activation Gate in Small Conductance Ca2+-activated K+ Channels
J. Gen. Physiol., November 26, 2007; 130(6): 601 - 610.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biophys. JHome page
D. Boda, W. Nonner, M. Valisko, D. Henderson, B. Eisenberg, and D. Gillespie
Steric Selectivity in Na Channels Arising from Protein Polarization and Mobile Side Chains
Biophys. J., September 15, 2007; 93(6): 1960 - 1980.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biophys. JHome page
A. J. Oseguera, L. D. Islas, R. Garcia-Villegas, and T. Rosenbaum
On the Mechanism of TBA Block of the TRPV1 Channel
Biophys. J., June 1, 2007; 92(11): 3901 - 3914.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
W. Li and R. W. Aldrich
State-dependent Block of BK Channels by Synthesized Shaker Ball Peptides
J. Gen. Physiol., October 1, 2006; 128(4): 423 - 441.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
C. M. Wilkens and R. W. Aldrich
State-independent Block of BK Channels by an Intracellular Quaternary Ammonium
J. Gen. Physiol., August 28, 2006; 128(3): 347 - 364.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
J. E. Contreras and M. Holmgren
Access of Quaternary Ammonium Blockers to the Internal Pore of Cyclic Nucleotide-gated Channels: Implications for the Location of the Gate
J. Gen. Physiol., April 24, 2006; 127(5): 481 - 494.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
T. I. Brelidze and K. L. Magleby
Probing the Geometry of the Inner Vestibule of BK Channels with Sugars
J. Gen. Physiol., July 25, 2005; 126(2): 105 - 121.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
T. Kitaguchi, M. Sukhareva, and K. J. Swartz
Stabilizing the Closed S6 Gate in the Shaker K v Channel Through Modification of a Hydrophobic Seal
J. Gen. Physiol., September 27, 2004; 124(4): 319 - 332.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
W. Li and R. W. Aldrich
Unique Inner Pore Properties of BK Channels Revealed by Quaternary Ammonium Block
J. Gen. Physiol., June 28, 2004; 124(1): 43 - 57.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
J. F. Consiglio and S. J. Korn
Influence of Permeant Ions on Voltage Sensor Function in the Kv2.1 Potassium Channel
J. Gen. Physiol., March 29, 2004; 123(4): 387 - 400.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
T. I. Brelidze and K. L. Magleby
Protons Block BK Channels by Competitive Inhibition with K+ and Contribute to the Limits of Unitary Currents at High Voltages
J. Gen. Physiol., February 23, 2004; 123(3): 305 - 319.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
M. Sukhareva, D. H. Hackos, and K. J. Swartz
Constitutive Activation of the Shaker Kv Channel
J. Gen. Physiol., October 27, 2003; 122(5): 541 - 556.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
J. Thompson and T. Begenisich
External TEA Block of Shaker K+ Channels Is Coupled to the Movement of K+ Ions within the Selectivity Filter
J. Gen. Physiol., July 28, 2003; 122(2): 239 - 246.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
A. Bruening-Wright, M. A. Schumacher, J. P. Adelman, and J. Maylie
Localization of the Activation Gate for Small Conductance Ca2+-activated K+ Channels
J. Neurosci., August 1, 2002; 22(15): 6499 - 6506.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JGPHome page
D. H. Hackos, T.-H. Chang, and K. J. Swartz
Scanning the Intracellular S6 Activation Gate in the Shaker K+ Channel
J. Gen. Physiol., May 13, 2002; 119(6): 521 - 532.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Physiol. Rev.Home page
A. Meir, S. Ginsburg, A. Butkevich, S. G. Kachalsky, I. Kaiserman, R. Ahdut, S. Demirgoren, and R. Rahamimoff
Ion Channels in Presynaptic Nerve Terminals and Control of Transmitter Release
Physiol Rev, July 1, 1999; 79(3): 1019 - 1088.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Pharmacol.Home page
M. Longobardo, E. Delpón, R. Caballero, J. Tamargo, and C. Valenzuela
Structural Determinants of Potency and Stereoselective Block of hKv1.5 Channels Induced by Local Anesthetics
Mol. Pharmacol., July 1, 1998; 54(1): 162 - 169.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 ScienceHome page
D. A. Doyle, J. M. Cabral, R. A. Pfuetzner, A. Kuo, J. M. Gulbis, S. L. Cohen, B. T. Chait, and R. MacKinnon
The Structure of the Potassium Channel: Molecular Basis of K+ Conduction and Selectivity
Science, April 3, 1998; 280(5360): 69 - 77.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 ScienceHome page
G Yellen, M. Jurman, T Abramson, and R MacKinnon
Mutations affecting internal TEA blockade identify the probable pore-forming region of a K+ channel
Science, February 22, 1991; 251(4996): 939 - 942.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 ScienceHome page
H. Hartmann, G. Kirsch, J. Drewe, M Taglialatela, R. Joho, and A. Brown
Exchange of conduction pathways between two related K+ channels
Science, February 22, 1991; 251(4996): 942 - 944.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 ScienceHome page
R MacKinnon and G Yellen
Mutations affecting TEA blockade and ion permeation in voltage-activated K+ channels
Science, October 12, 1990; 250(4978): 276 - 279.
[Abstract] [PDF]


  Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search | Table of Contents