The Journal of General Physiology
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The Journal of General Physiology, Vol 43, 109-126, Copyright © 1959 by The Rockefeller University Press

ARTICLE

The Additivity of Contrast in the Human Eye

Mathew Alpern 1 and Herbert David 1

1 From Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Using the method of binocular brightness matching, simultaneous brightness contrast effects were measured on two observers. The effects of a given pattern were invariably smaller than the summation of the effects of the pattern's components. This failure of additivity was valid both for patterns with isolated components as well as for those with components exactly contiguous with one another. This failure was more pronounced the farther the inducing patterns were from the test patch. These findings are interpreted as indicating that in the human (just as in the Limulus) eye, the amount of inhibition exerted by a given region on its neighbors depends upon the inhibition exerted against it as well as its excitation state.

Submitted on March 25, 1959


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